26/02/2026
UNDERSTANDING THE THYROID PANEL IN CHILDREN 🩺
Your child’s thyroid is a small gland with a big job. It helps control growth, brain development, energy, metabolism, mood, heart rate, and body temperature. When it is not working properly, it can affect how a child feels, learns and grows.
A thyroid panel is a blood test that checks how well the thyroid is working. In newborns, thyroid function may also be checked soon after birth as part of a heel-prick newborn screening test (Newborn screening programs vary by country).
What does a thyroid panel measure?
• TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) – tells the thyroid how hard to work
• T4 (Thyroxine) – the main hormone made by the thyroid
• T3 (Triiodothyronine) – the active thyroid hormone
• Sometimes thyroid antibodies – to check for autoimmune thyroid disease
Why is it important?
A thyroid panel can help detect an underactive or overative thyroid gland.
Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) in children:
• Tiredness / low energy
• Weight gain
• Feeling cold easily
• Dry skin / hair thinning
• Constipation
• Low mood
• Poor concentration or school performance
• Slow growth / delayed puberty
• Heavy or irregular periods in adolescents
Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) in children:
• Weight loss (sometimes with increased appetite)
• Fast heartbeat / palpitations
• Heat intolerance / sweating
• Anxiety / irritability
• Shaky hands (tremor)
• Trouble sleeping
• Frequent stools
• Weakness / tiredness
• Poor concentration / change in school performance
Who should test?
✔ Unexplained weight changes
✔ Constant tiredness or weakness
✔ Hair loss or dry skin
✔ Mood changes (anxiety/depression)
✔ Feeling too hot or too cold
✔ Poor growth or delayed puberty
✔ Family history of thyroid disease
💡 Early testing = early diagnosis = early treatment = better growth, learning and development!