12/16/2025
AI anyone?
🤖 A robot just performed surgery—almost entirely on its own.
In a major breakthrough for medical robotics, researchers at Johns Hopkins University have trained an AI-guided robot to perform gallbladder removal surgery with near-perfect accuracy. The procedure was carried out on a deceased pig, marking one of the most advanced demonstrations of autonomous surgical capability to date.
The system relies on a dual-layer AI architecture trained on over 17 hours of real human surgical footage. Instead of directly copying movements, the AI first interprets what it “sees” in the surgical field and converts those visuals into language-based instructions—such as “clip the second duct.” These commands are then translated into precise robotic actions in real time.
Across eight full procedures, the robot successfully completed all 17 required surgical tasks, achieving a 100% task success rate. Remarkably, it was able to detect its own mistakes, adjust movements mid-procedure, and recover from minor errors with minimal human assistance—something rarely seen in earlier surgical robots.
While the technology is not yet ready for live human patients, experts say this milestone represents a major step toward safer, more consistent surgeries. Future goals include testing the system in live animal models, followed by extensive regulatory review before any human use. If proven safe, autonomous surgical systems could one day reduce complication rates, improve surgical precision, and ease the workload on overstretched medical teams.
This study highlights a shift from robots as mere tools to intelligent collaborators—capable of understanding, adapting, and acting within one of medicine’s most complex environments.
Source
Kim, J. W. (Brian). SRT-H: A hierarchical framework for autonomous surgery via language-conditioned imitation learning. Science Robotics.