04/25/2024
Hypertension
Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease characterized by high blood pressure. The insidiousness of the disease is that not everyone suspects the problem, and associates headache, weakness, heart ailment with ordinary fatigue. Most often after a night's sleep and rest, the condition improves, and hypertensive for many years does not suspect the violation of the functions of the vegeto-vascular system and blood pressure.
The human heart every minute pushes blood into the vessels, which circulates through the arteries, thus providing oxygen exchange between the cells in the body. Upper blood pressure refers to the force with which blood is pushed into the blood vessels by the heart. The higher this force and the greater the resistance of the blood vessels, the greater the systolic pressure value.
The lower figure is related to the elasticity of the vessel walls, and the better the vessels hold the blood pressure between heartbeats, the greater the lower figure of blood pressure, called diastolic pressure.
Causes of hypertension
The disease develops as a result of functional disorders of the brain and autonomic system, which regulate the contraction of the heart and the volume of expelled blood. There are negative factors that provoke hypertension.
Risk factors:
Hereditary predisposition to hypertension;
stress, nervous disorders;
chronic heart failure;
excessive weight;
smoking;
intake of alcoholic beverages;
lifestyle with little physical activity.
The higher the pressure, the more diligently the human heart works. Such loads do not pass without a trace, the heart weakens, wears out, which leads to heart failure.
Symptoms of hypertension
The course of hypertension is varied and depends on the level of BP elevation and the involvement of target organs.
In the early stages of hypertension is characterized by neurotic disorders: dizziness, headaches (more often in the back of the head) and heaviness in the head, tinnitus, pulsation in the head, sleep disturbance, fatigue, lethargy, a feeling of brokenness, palpitations, nausea.
In the future, dyspnea with rapid walking, running, load, climbing stairs joins.
Blood pressure is persistently higher than 140-160/90-95 mm Hg. There is sweating, redness of the face, chill-like tremor, numbness of fingers and toes, dull prolonged pain in the heart area is typical.
With fluid retention is observed swelling of the hands ("ring symptom" - it is difficult to remove the ring from the finger), face, puffiness of the eyelids, stiffness.
In patients with hypertension, there is a shroud, flickering of flies and lightning in front of the eyes, which is associated with spasm of blood vessels in the retina; there is a progressive decline in vision, hemorrhages in the retina can cause complete loss of vision.
Treatment of hypertension
The main way to treat hypertension is to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Patients who have a blood pressure of 160/100 mmHg or higher should also take medication for hypertension.
Non-medicamentous treatment of arterial hypertension is aimed at eliminating or reducing the action of risk factors that contribute to the progression of the disease and the development of complications. These measures are mandatory, regardless of the level of blood pressure, the number of risk factors and comorbidities.
Non-medication methods include:
smoking cessation;
normalization of body weight;
reduction of alcoholic beverage consumption
Dr. Conor, MD-Your Cardiovascular Health Ally. Welcome to my page, where your heart's well-being is our top priority! I'm Dr.Conor, a dedicated and passionate medical professional with a focus on treating hypertension and optimizing cardiovascular health
